Exercise I. Replace the underlined parts of these sentences with a present or past participle adjective formed from one of the following verbs. Give alternative positions for the adjective if possible. (B) cause identify include interest provide remain result
1. I offered to pay for any damage that was the result ......(not ...any caused damage.)
2. Steps are being taken by telephone engineers to solve the problems which have been noticed.
3. Visitors who want to find out more can buy a booklet with further information.
4. Please answer the questions on the sheet that has been given to you.
5. The holiday cost £1200, with flights which were part of the total.
6. Although he didn’t want to appear on TV, the publicity that was the consequence was good for his business.
7. Just before serving the pasta, sprinkle over any cheese that is left over.
In which of the sentences can the participle adjective you have written be placed before the noun?
Key:
1.
2. It was unsettling how he stared straight at me.
3. X (However, in spoken English we might say ‘It was surprising, Andrew’s excellent exam result’.)
4. It is an advantage in the job to be a qualified driver.
5. X (However, in spoken English we might say ‘It’s quite radical, her proposal’.)
6. It is highly unusual to put carpet on walls.
7. X (However, in spoken English we might say ‘It’s a Ferrari, John’s new car’.)
8. It is hard finding a good plumber these days, (or It is hard to find...)
Exercise II. Complete the sentences with either that or those followed by an appropriate participle adjective. (C)
1. Her time for the 10,000 metres was four seconds faster than ......by the winner of last month’s European Championship.
2. Vegetables from the east of the country are generally cheaper than ...... in the west.
3. The company claims that its electric goods are more reliable than ...... by its competitors.
4. The top wind speed was even higher than ...... in the great storm of 1987.
5. Levels of heart disease among people in rural areas are considerably lower than among ...... in urban areas.
Key:
1.
2. ...it astonished me to discover (that) she was also a successful novelist.
3. ...it hurts (me) to pedal my bicycle. / ...it has hurt (me) to pedal my bicycle.
4. ...it struck me (that) he was jealous.
5. ...it concerned me to hear (that) he was offended, (or ...it upset me...)
6. ...it didn’t bother him (that) everyone could see in.
7. ...it upset me (that) she hadn’t even told me when she was going away, (or ...it concerned me...)
8. ...it doesn’t do to criticise them too much.
9. ...it scared me to see (that) they were carrying knives.
10. ...it pays to plan your journey ahead.
Exercise III. Complete the second sentences using a compound adjective from D to replace the underlined information in the first sentences. (D)
1. The company is organised from New York. It is a.....New York-based company...... .
2. The school has all the things it needs, with sufficient books and computers. The school is ......, with sufficient books and computers.
3. I found that the whole experience made me tense and worried. I found the whole experience
4. The proposed changes will have a major influence on a large number of people. The proposed changes will be...... .
Exercise IV. Combine the following words to make compound adjectives to replace the underlined parts of these sentences. Make any other necessary changes. (D) clean eye ill wide catching equipped ranging shaven
1. At the age of 16 children do not have the ability or experience to take on the role of parents. are ill-equipped......
2. The discussions between the presidents dealt with a great variety of topics.
3. I almost didn’t recognise Mark. When I last saw him he had a beard and moustache, but now he has no beard or moustache.
4. The advertisements for the new car are very noticeable.
Key:
1.
2. It takes a lot of hard work to build your own house.
3. It takes a considerable amount of courage to make a speech in front of a group of strangers.
4. It takes patience and a lot of time to explain the rules of cricket to someone who doesn’t know the game.
5. It takes bravery to stand up to a bully.
6. It takes a lot of organisation to be a good administrator.
7. It takes a great deal of time to learn to speak a foreign language well.
